초록 |
Nietzsche understands man as a bodily being, not a rational being. According to Nietzsche, the body should be the starting point of understanding humans. For him, the exploration of the pre-conscious body rather than the conscious reason is important, enabling us to understand humans in a more in-depth manner. Nietzsche criticizes traditional philosophy for ignoring the body and endowing privilege with the soul or spirit. But Nietzsche does not mean to say that we should seek to fully satisfy our desires and urges. When human beings are understood in terms of not conscious self but bodily self, a good practical direction can be prepared.The body and self have particularly close relations to art, a form of practical life. In the late Nietzsche’s philosophy, among the body, self, and art are a very important theme. While the early Nietzsche invented a metaphysical, systematic philosophy of art, which can be called 'artist-metaphysics', as is seen in The Birth of Tragedy. On the other hand, since the later Nietzsche discussed art in a fragmented or unfinished way, it is difficult to find unity. Fortunately, however, in the later Nietzsche's unpublished writings, we can often discover his discussions of the nature of art based on his reflections on the body. The core of the later artistic thoughts grounded in these reflections can be deduced from short discussions scattered in his unpublished works, as well as from many metaphors and suggestions that he employed. The later Nietzsche's artistic thinking can be defined as the 'physiology of art', which reflects his ideas of the relations obtained among the body, self, and artistic expression.This paper attempts to illuminate Nietzsche’s thoughts of the body (Leib) and self (Selbst) and seeks to understand the notion of the physiology of art (Physiologie der Kunst) based on the conception of the body and self. This article also discusses concepts of the body, self, art, and the will to power in a coherent system. Furthermore, it tries to reveal the inevitability of Nietzsche's move from the thought of the body to the physiology of art. Finally, it shows that his physiology of art aims at creating a classical grand style beyond decadence romanticism. |