| 초록 |
OBJECTIVE To determine the bacterial distribution and resistance in ICU infections in China. METHODS Disc diffusion test, MIC test or E-test were used to detect the antirnicrobial sensitivity of bacterial isolates from ICU patients. WHONET 5.4 was applied for analysis of the bacterial sensitive data from 84 tertiary Mohnarin (Ministry of Health National Antibacterial Resistance Investigation Net) member hospitals at different area in China from June 1, 2006 to May 31, 2007. RESULTS A total of 5746 organisms were collected in the survey period, which included 3811 (66.3%) Gram-negative strains, 1652 (28.8%) Gram-positive strains and 283 (4. 9%) fungal strains. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (845 strains, 14. 7%), Acinetobacter (746 strains, 13.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (638 strains, 11. 1%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS, 608 strains, 10.6%), and Klebsiella (501 strains, 8.7%) were the most common isolates. 86, 8% And 94.0% of S. aureus and CNS were meticillin-resistant, respectively. No Staphylococcus strain was resistant to vancomycin. The resistant rates of Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium to vancomycin were 6. 3% and 13. 0% , while to teicoplanin were 4. 8% and 11. 4%, respectively. The resistant rates of Escherichia coli to eeftriaxone and cefotaxime were about 70% and to quinolones were over 70%. ESBLs positive rates of E. coli and Klebsiella pneurnoniae were 40.3% and 32.2%, respectively. The rate of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa was 14.0%, the rates of pan-resistant P. aeruginosa and pan-resistant Acinetobacter were 6.9% and 26.7%. CONCLUSIONS Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli and Staphylococcus are the predominant pathogens in ICU infections in China; the bacterial resistance in ICU is severe and the resistant rates to antibiotics are higher than those of overall bacterial collection during the same survey period. |
